Stethoscope Evolution in Acoustic Diagnosis, Digital Heart-Lung Auscultation, and Smart Clinical Assessment Tools
The stethoscope remains a foundational instrument in medical practice for auscultation of heart sounds, lung function, and bowel activity. Its evolution from simple acoustic tubes to digital diagnostic tools reflects innovation in medical acoustics, signal processing, and telemedicine connectivity.
Types and Structure
Traditional stethoscopes include:
Acoustic stethoscopes with diaphragm-bell chest piece.
Dual-lumen tubes minimizing external noise.
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